Coded track circuit signaling system



Feb. 2, 1954 T. J. JUDGE CODED TRACK CIRCUIT SIGNALING SYSTEM 8 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Nov. 20, 1948 I I I I I I I IIIH.

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QJ ATTORNEY Y MULO T. J. `UDGE 2,668,231 coDED TRACK CTRCUIT SIGNALING SYSTEM 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 SBLI ZETZ

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f/ATTORNEY Feb. 2, 1954 T J, JUDGE 2,668,231

CODED TRACK CIRCUIT SIGHLING SYSTEM ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 2, 1954 CODED TRACK CIRCUIT SIGNALING SYSTEM Thomas J. Judge, Rochester, N. Y., assignor to General Railway Signal Company, Rochester,

Application November 20, 1948, Serial No. 61,2145

Claims.

This invention relates to centralized traffic control signalling systems for single track railroads and it more particularly pertains to centralized traic control systems, commonly known as CTC systems, wherein normally inactive coded track circuits are used to governl the clearing of signals in accordance with traii'ic conditions.

When coded track circuits are employed in a CTC system linking a control oiiice andv respective eld stations for single track railroads, it is necessary to govern the direction of track circuit code transmission in accordance with the direction of traiiic to be established. A system of this general character must guard against code being inadvertently taken away from signals governing passage of a train by attempting to clear other signals, and the time of shutting down the coding must be properly governed to prevent lthe possibility of taking the code away from a train when a normally shut down coded track circuit system is employed. Systems of this general character are disclosed in my prior patents, Patent No. 2,635,182 dated April 14, 1953, and Patent No. 2,617,014 dated November 4, 1952; andthe present invention is to be considered as providing improvements in systems of this general character.

An object of the present invention is to provide a CTC system of the normally shut down coded track circuit type wherein the initiation of coding and the direction of code transmission is automatically established, without the use of traffic direction levers in response to the communication of each control from the control ofce to a ileld station for the clearing of a signal.

Another object of the present invention is to cause the reception of a signal control in the field for clearing a signal to apply steady energization through the track rails of the block in advance of the signal for which the signal control has been transmitted from the oice, such steady energization being maintained until reception of :a particular control communicated from the ccn- A:trol oiice for its removal.

Another object of the present invention is to provide receiving means at each iield station distinctively conditioned by the reception of steady energy through the track rails, and effective to transmit an indication to the control oiice of such reception and of the direction from which the steady energy is received.

Another object of the present invention is to automatically transmit a control from the control oirlce to one eld station in response to the reception of an indication that steady energy is received at the adjoining eld station, and thereby effect the removal of steady energy from the track rails.

Another object of the present invention is to provide means associated with the trackway extending in each direction from each eld station effective in responsive to the cessation of steady energy to initiate code transmission in the direce tion from which the steady energy has been received to thereby establish track circuit code and effect the clearing of a signal that has been designated to be cleared by an operator at the control oice. f

Another object of the present invention is to automatically shut down the coding after passage of a train through a block by applying steady energy feeding in the direction of train movement after the block has become unoccupied, and thereby rendering the track circuit code transmitters in that block inactive.

Another object of the present invention is to provide means effective when a code transmitter is rendered inactive at a field station to transmit a distinctive indication to the control office causing the control ofce to automatically transmit a control to remove the steady energy at the field station where it has been initially applied for rendering the code transmitters inactive, and thereby restore the normally deenergized condition of the coded track circuits.

Another object of the present invention is to accomplish the above described objects without the use of trallic designation levels and without the operator of lthe control machine being required to designate other than the usual switch and signal controls desired to be transmitted.

Other objects, purposes, and characteristic features of the present invention will be in part obvious from the accompanying drawings, and in part pointed out hereinafter in the specification.

In describing the invention in detail, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings in which those parts having similar features and functions are designated throughout the several illustrations by like letter reference characters which are generally made distinctive by reason of preceding numerals indicative of the location of the signals or track switches with which such parts are associated, and in which:

Fig. 1 illustrates the control office apparatus for use in communication with typical eld stations according to the present invention;

Figs. 2A, 2B, and 2C when placed side by side respectively, illustrate the stretch of track con- Fig. 5 is a control code chart showing the code:

characters employed in this embodiment of the present invention for the communication of respective controls from thecontrolA oiiice toanyone of the field stations; and' Figs. 6A to 6E inclusive illustrate diagrammatically the conditions of code transmissionfas they are effected by various conditions during thepassage of a train.

The embodiment chosen for the disclosure of the present invention v"has been particularly adaptedE to` show typical conditions to be encountered in practice with the purpose of illustrating principles involved" that maybe-applied to extended track layouts, rather thanl limiting the invention to the simpleembodiment herein disclosed. Schematic circuitfdiagrams have vbeen used in the conventional 'mannen rather than attempting to'- illustrate' thefactualAv construction and arrangement ofcpartsf that would be employed in practice. The symbols (-1-) and` are employed to' indicate the positive and `negative terminals respectively of suitablebatteries'or other sources of" direct current, and-the symbol (1t-31D'v hasI been -used to designate the center tap of' a` battery used` for Lpolarized -energization of magnetic stickr relays; The symbols (LS) and GSL) are used to indicate code characters transmitted over the communication system, each character comprising a combinationY of a long and short period, the symbol (13S)- representing'a code character having long and short periods respectively, andthe` symbol (SL) representing avcode character -havi'ng Yrespectively short and Vlong periods.

The trackway for Whichthis embodiment of the present invention is provided comprises a main stretch of single track having passing sidings associa-ted therewith', such stretchof track being divided into theusualf track sections to provide a'plurality'- of track-sectionsconstituting a block extending between passingsidings Aand'B. With reference toFfig. 2A, a-passing siding A is illustrated as being connected at its right-hand end to the Vmain track by the-track switch'ZW, and similarly in Fig; 2C, the ylett-hand end of the passing siding B isillustrated as being Aconnected to` the mainl tra-ck-l byatraclcsvvitchA 3W.

The signals are arranged'at-the endsV of the passing sidi-rigs inl the usual vmanner `tc provide a short detector or OS track section for the track switch-at eachend ofleachpassingsiding. Thus thev detector track section-- i-2T', -isfprcwidedV for the right-handendvr of the passing siding illustra-ted in- Fig. 2A, andthe detector track section 5-ET` is provided; for the track switch 3W atl the left-handi endof' the passing siding as illustrated inf-Fig; 2C'. Thesex detectorv trackl sections are of the conventional steadily energized type, and the power operationl of the track-'switches included in the detectorV track sections at the respective ends of the passing siding can be provided by suitable lpower switch machines controlled as shown, for example, in Fig. 3.

Signals are provided at' the endsof the passing ltr sidings for governing trac in both directions, such signals being normally at stop, and subject to manual control by an operator at the control oce in accordance with the communication of controls for such signals to respective field stations by a code communication system such as is disclosed in detail, for example, in thepatent to W.`D. Hailes etal., Patent No'l 2,399,734, dated May '7, 1946.

f-Although this embodiment of the present invvention.hasbeenparticularly adapted to employ the centralized traiiic control code communication system disclosed in the above mentioned rHailes etal.' patent; it is to be understood that other types of` coder communication systems could be readily employed by those skilled in the art,

, such forexample,` as the code communication system disclosed in the patent to Judge et al., Patent'No; 2,082,544, dated June l, 1937.

The entering signals IA and IB (see Fig. 2A) areprovided at the right-hand end of the passing siding." Ari for^ governing westbound traic (to the left) through the track. switch 2W and the detectorf tracinsectiorr' I.-2T,v and the head-block signals' IA` and-'ZBfare provided for governing eastbound traflic (tothe right) through. that detector' track section- Atthe left-hand end of the passing siding; B (seeFig. 2O)` the signals 6A and 6B aref provided for: 'governing eastbound traic throughV the OStrack section -BT, and the signals 5A; and;- 5B areV provided for governing westbound traiiic through thisiOS track section. Signals 3 and'll' are illustrated in Fig. 2B as being double: intermediate. signals-,signal 3y being provided; forgoverningwestboundtratic through the track section'2--3T,"and. the' signal 4 being provided for governing eastbound traic through the track section 4-5T;

:The signals for this embodiment of the present invention are illustrated' as being of the searchlight type andsuch-V signals can be oi the general character shown inithe` patent to O. S. Field, Patent No; 2,239,316,5dated Aprilv 22, 1941. It is to bei understood, however, that other types of signalssucltas'semaphore, position light, and signalsihaving: individual color`r light units may be employed in accordance with the requirements of practice.

Each ofV the* track sections in the stretch of track constituting aiblock extending. between the passing. sidings A and. B has a coded track circuit which comprises a. track battery and a code. following track relay TRv at each end of the track section. For' the' purpose. of obtaining the best operating conditions ofi the code following track relays, itis desired: that each of such relays havev a polar magnetic structure withv a spring biased armature so*r arranged' as to cause the relay armature'. to be biased to. a deenergized position fromI which. it canib'efmoved only upon energization v of `theffre'la'y:windings 'with a particular polarity;

A code transmitter relay CPV isprovidedatleach end of each of the codedtrack circuits for the transmission ofcode. pulses' formed by suitable pulse forming means such,` for example, as the oscillatorsiTECT and IBQCYIY which are adapted to form pulses atirespective 75 and 180 per minute rates. Asuitable. oscillator of this'type isdisclosed in the-'patent to.O.'S. Field, Patent No. 2,351,588, dated June 20,1944.

Decoding apparatus is provided at each of the signal locations for control of the signals at that locationcomprising a decoding transformer, a home relay H, and a distant: relay D having associated therewith a tuned circuit lDUso-'as to render the relay D responsive only to reception o1' the 180 code rate. y

Relays TC and TCP are associated with the respective ends of coded track circuits at each end of each passing siding for rendering the track circuit code transmitter at that location selectively activeor inactive in response to' the reception of steady energization 4in lthe track rails. The relay TC of this combination is effective to communicate an indicationy to the office of a change in its condition, and thereby render an automatic initiation at the oliice of the transmission of a control to the field for the vremoval of the steady energization that has caused? the change in the corresponding TC relay at the adjoining field station.

At the control oice (see Fig. l) a suitable CTC machine is provided comprising a Ypanel having a track diagram disposed thereon corresponding to the track layout for which this embodiment of the present invention is provided, and having various switch and signal control levers and relays provided for purposes of communication of switch and signal controls to the respective iield stations substantially comparable to apparatus specifically described in the above mentioned patent to W. D. Halles et al., Patent No. 2,399,734, dated May 7, 1946. For convenience in identifying the apparatus employed in this embodiment of the present invention with corresponding aparatus shown in that patent, corresponding letter reference characters for the various relays and control switches have been employed to facilitate reference to such patent for a more detailed description as to their 'organization and Inode of operation.

In addition to the relays CH for initiation of va control cycle for each iield station being energized in response to manual designation for a start for that field station, each of the relays `CI-I is aiso subject to automatic energization for initiating a start in response to the receptionfof an indication from an adjoining eld station that steady energization has been received at that eld station from the station for which the relay CH is provided, and thus under these conditions, it is desirable that a cycle of operation be automatically initiated for transmission of a control calling for the removal of the steady energy. Such automatic control of each relay CH is provided by a combination of a relay ETK and a relay ETKP for eastbound traffic and a relay WTK and a relay WTKP for Westboundtramc. The relays TK are magnetic stick'relays which are conditioned by the reception of indications from the eld by the CTC-code communication apparatus, while the relays TKP are slow drop away stick repeater relays which are associated with and governed by the associatedindication relays TIK- L1.'

The relays LS and SL are code determining relays which actually determine byftheirselective energization as to whether the code characters transmitted are respectively (LS) or (SL) vcharacters. It is thus provided that the relays LS and SL are ,selectively energized during respective control cycles to transmit the control codes formed according tothe code chart of Fig. 5.- v v' 1 CTC communication apparatusis provided at the respective eld stations Vwhichare located at the ends of passing sidings which can beprovided according to the Hailes et al. patent,v such apparatus at each iield station being effective to controlapplication relays LGZ 'and'RGZ '(see Figs;- 2A and 2C) vfor clearing signals governing respective-westbound. (to the left) and eastbound traffic (to the right). A relay B is provided at each eld station as an application relay governing restoration to stop of. the signals at its associated eld station-in accordance with a stop control communicated from the control oice. East and West direction control relays ETZ and WTZ arevr provided at each field station for governing the removal of steady energization as fed through thettrack rails from that iield station inv accordance with a control automatically communicated from the control ofce. These relays are ofthe magnetic stick type so as to stay invv their -last actuatedn position 'until energized withthe opposite polarity. v i

Suitable other .indication control' apparatus is providedvasirequiredboth at the respective field stations and at the" lcontrol cnice comprising mean'sfor indicating on the control machine at the control ofiice various conditions relative to the switches and signals 'and blockV occupancy accordingY to the 'requirements of practice, the magnetic stick relaysEBK and WBK being provided at the control oiice for the governing of block indicator lamps on the track diagram.

Having thus considered the general organization of the apparatus vemployed in this embodiment of the present invention, consideration will now be given tothe'specic organization in accordance with its mode of operation under typical operated "conditions to be encountered in prac.- tice. v f Y OPERATION General Although reference is to be made to the above mentioned Hailes'et al. patent for a more specific consideration of the code communication system that is used for this embodiment ofthe present invention, it is believed expedient to give some consideration to the general mode of operation of this system inthe communication of controls as applied to the present invention, before considering in detail the specic circuit organization that is provided for accomplishing certain parts of this'mode of operation.

The general mode of operation in designating controls by the manipulation of signal and switch control levers on the control panel of the control machine is the same as for the conventional CTC system,`wherein the machine operator positions the respective switch and signal control levers according to routes desired to be established, and effects vthe transmission of controls to the respective eld stations with which such levers are associated by the actuation of respective start buttonsfSPB (see Fig. l) for such stations. In thismanner a number of diierent'controls can be designated for transmission, and the circuit 'organization of the code communication apparatus'is suchas to cause the transmission of controlcycles tothe field stations, one cycle of operationqfor each station,` such cycles being transmittedl in a particular predetermined order and such order being establishedv by the chain organization (not shown)l for the energization of the; relays LC, one relay'LC being provided for eaclreld station-.- v y `Thusthedesignation of switchv and signal control-by `thepositioning of respective switch and signal control levers, andthe actuation of the start button for causing the transmission of these controls, is eiectiveto rstpick up the relay CH thatiisffassociated with the initiationof the control'cycle'start :for that field station,- and the pick-- ingupofthatfrelayis effectiveto'pick up the associated `relay-LC-When the communication systexnis available for the transmission oi a control cyclefto-that iieldstation. The picking up of the'relay' LC-underthese conditions for a iield station 'is in accordance with the lactual setting into operationy ofthe code communication system for the transmission oi a control cycle to thatz'particular field station. Thus it is in this mann'erthat'a signal'controlis transmitted` to the field for the clearing ola signal in accordance with themanu'al designation by an operator or the signal desired to-be cleared.

Upon reception of the signal control at the held station, as illustrated by the sequence chart of Fig. 6A, a relayY RGZ is picked up for the clearing offa signaliassuming the control for the clearingof a signalgoverning eastbound'traic) and the picking up'oi/.thatfrelay is eiiective in turn to energizerelaysTZPand CP so as to apply steady energy to the track rails at 'that iield station to feed through the block `from track 'section to track section to the" next-field station in advance for theV direction of'traic that has been indicated as being desired to be established by the signal designation;

The `receptionl of this condition oi steady energiaation 'at'ftherneXt-eld station is eilective tol pickup a relay TC, which in turn automatically initiates/an indication cycle to transmit an indicationfto thev cnice' that the condition of steady energization has been received. With reference to Fig. l, they reception of such indication picks up a magneticstick relay TK and in accordance therewith the-same change relay Cl-l isagain vpicked up that was picked up initially for initiating the transmission of the signal control to the field..

Thus there. is an automatic initiation oi a control cycle during which `a control is transmitted to the field station having the signal desired to be cleared which is effective to pick up the relay ETZ at that station, and by picking up that relay, cause the removaloi the condition of steady energization trom the track rails by the deenergization of the relays TZP and C? at that field station. .The steady energy is therefore removed from theblock between the respective field stations under consideration, and the removal or such steady energy is eiiective to initiate the code transmitter at the next eld station by the picking up of a relay. TCP, and thus the code rate is built up through the respective track sections so that a code at a 180 rate is received at the signal that has been designated to be cleared, and the reception of that coderate effects the clearing ofthat signal.

With referenceto Fig. 6E, a much similar mode of operation.. isH illustrated diagrammatically Wherebyshut down of the code transmitters in the `rear of a train is accomplished. This operation. is entirely automatic, the signal lever governing the signal which has been cleared having been restored to its normal center position by the operator upon Ahis observing indications on the board thatthesignal has been vaccepted by a train. Itis illustratediin Fig. 6E that the building up of the code rate to a 180 code at -the lefthand end of the block illustrated, when the block becomes unoccupied in the rear of a train, is eifective to pick up a relay TZP and thus in turn pick up the relay CP at the left-hand end of the block asa means for again applying steadyenergy tothe. track.railsto'eiectively buck down .the

code and-causethe cessation of. code .transmission in the block." This condition of steadyenergization is maintained until a relay TC. is picked up at the nexteldstation in advance, such relay in picking up being eie'ctive to initiate transmission of an indication cycle 4to thev control ofce, and by such indication cycle eiect the transmission automatically irom the control oiice of a control-tothe left-hand end of the blockv to eiect the. dropping away of the relays TZl?` and CP so as to remove the condition of steady energization.V and-thereby'. to leave the coded track circuits of ther block inactive as far as code transmitters are concerned and deenergized, whereby restoration is completed. to the normal conditions of' the track circuit ycode apparatus.

Normal conditions The conditions which,.fo1" purposes of description ofthe present invention, are assumed to be normal, are those conditions of the system which exist when the trackway unoccupied by trains, when the signals are at stop, when no controlsare designated for transmission from the control oice, and when the track circuits are normally` deenergized and the code transmitters are inactive. Under these conditions, the .track relays TR for the conventional steadily energized OS track sectionsr arethe only track relays that are normally energized, and the approach locking relays AS (seeFig.` 3) for the various signals,v as Well as the signal stop repeater relays. RP are normally energized by circuits conventionally employed or relays of this character. Thus the signal stop repeater relay ERP, .for example,` .is energized through contacts 2S, 2i,v 22 and 23/ofsignals 2A and 2B respectively because of these signals 'both .being at stop; and by the closure of front contact 2li, relay ERP maintains a stick circuit closed for the approach locking. relay hisv which is also associated with signals 2A and 2B, this circuit extends from (-l-l, including front contact 24 of relay 2R13, front contact 25 of relay EAS, and winding o relay ZAS, to In a similar manner the relay EAS, which is associated With the signals iA and IB, is maintained picked up by its stick circuit which is dependent for its energiaation upon the signals lA and IB being at stop.

It is assumed that the magnetic stick relays must necessarily assume-their last actuated positions, and it is assumed that the normal conditions of such relays are established as illustrated by the last routes .set up through the track layout having called forthe track switches to be operated to their normal positions. It is also assumed that the signal control levers at the control oice for the respective signals have all been actuatedto their center positions, corresponding to the stop indication-of the associated signals in the field.

With reference to Fig. 3, the relays 2NCR and ERCR arel respective. normal-and reverse corresponderme relays, of which the relay ZNCR is normally .energized in accordance with it being assumed that the track switch 2W is in its normal position. Relay ZRWPis energized, but because ofthe-relays ZNCR. andA ZRWP being of the biased polar type and being oppositely poled with respect to their common control wires 26 and 21 which extend to thev switch machine 23M, only the relay ZNCR is picked up when the track switch 2W is in its Anormal position. The circuit by which the relay 2NCR is energizedunder these conditions. extends. from .1+i including,

vhand position, and then Transmission of controls from the control oliice The same general organization for the communication of controls during respective control cycles that is commonly employed in CTC control systems is used whereby a control cycle when transmitted for any particular field station is effective to communicate all controlsfor oince control equipment at that iield station. Thus the make up of the control cycle comprises rst a station selection portion of the cycle, and secondly a control portion of the cycle for governing the office control'devices at the neld station that is selected. With reference to Fig. 5, a code chart is shown illustrating the speciiic code characters employed in this embodiment of the present invention for the communication of controls to any station which is called by the preceding station selection portion of the cycle. Such station selection code is assumed to comprise the first three code characters transmitted. It is thus illustrated that the code character No. 4 is selectively an (LS) or an (SL) character in accordance with whether the track switch at the station that is called is to be operated to its normal or reverse position.

The fth character transmitted during the cycle is either an (LS) or an (SL) character in accordance with whether a Ymagnetic stick relay ETZ is to be picked up or dropped away at the eld'station that is called.` This relay ETZ when picked up removes steady energization feeding to the right through theY track rails so as to permit the initiation of coding for eastbound traiiic, and when dropped away, such relay provides for the removal of steady energization which Vhas been used for shutting downthe track circuit code transmitters after passage of an eastbound train.

The next code character of the cycle is an (LS) or an (SL) character in accordance with whether a relay WTZ associated with the establishment of eastbound tralc is to be respectively'pickdup ordropped away, such vrelay being used for similar purposes as has been described for the relay ETZ for the opposite direction of traiiic.

The last two characters of the control code e transmitted during a control cycle are used in l. the conventional manner for signal control purposes for selectively designating the clearing of a signal for traii'ic to the right, or for traflic to the left, or for restoration of a signal to stop. y To consider the specific circuit organization hereby the above described mode of operation is effective during the control cycle, reference'is made to Fig. 1, and it will be assumed that a control cycle is to be transmitted for the clearing of the signal 2A (see Fig. 2A) for governing eastbound traiic into the block extending between'the passing sidings A and B. Thus after positioning the switch control lever (not shown) for the track switch 2W to its normal position, the signal control lever I-ZSGL is actuated to its rightthe start button ZSPB for the field station No. 2 at the right-hand end of the passing siding A is actuated.

The actuation of this button ZSPB-is eiece, tive lby the closure of its contact in. itsdepressed position to energize an obvious circuit for the relay `2CH, and thepicking up'ofjthatrelay closes a stick circuit including back contact 3| of relay 2LC, and front contact '32 of relay 20H, to maintain the relay ZCH picked up subsequent to the restoration of the start button 2SPB until the communication apparatus is actually -initiated into a cycle of operation for transmission to the associated'A field station Aby the picking'up of the relay VVLC in a manner` corresponding to that which has been specifically described inthe above mentionedI-Iailes et al. patent.

Thus when the relay 2LC is picked up, it is maintained picked up throughout the cycle that is transmitted ufor the iield station No. 2, and in accordance with the closure of the front contacts of this relayZLC, the code characters selected by the signal control lever |-2SGL and other selecting contacts Aare transmitted. For purposes of simplication of this disclosure of the present invention, the circuits incident to station selection are not shown, as well as the circuits for the selection of Vthe switch control characters, as these selections are assumed to be provided according to the usual practice and as is illustrated in the above mentioned Hailes et al. patent;

Assuming the selection of station selection and switch control characters to be made in a suitable manner disclosed in the'Hailes et al. patent,

the energization loi the next channel wire 33 closes a circuitv for the energization of the relay LS for creation of anY (LS) character, provided that the relay iililfKPY for the next eld station in advance is in its energized position. This is a position which is assumed when a control is to be transmitted in response to the picking up of relay SETK for transmitting a control to pick up relay ZETZ at field station No. 2 (see F'ig. 2A) to eect the removal of steady energization when it has been applied to the track rails in the block between the passing siding A and B for initiating track circuit coding in setting up a route. The channel `wire 33 is connected to the relay LS under these conditions through front Contact Se of relay ZLC and front contact 35 of relay SETKP. If, on' the other hand, the relay SETKP is deenergized at the time the control cycle is transmitted, its back contact 35 selects the energiza tion of the relay SL for forming an (SL) code character rather that an (LS) character for the No. 5 character of the code.

Similarly for the following code character an (LS) or (SL) character is selected for use in governing track circuit code transmission from the neld station No. l (not shown) at the lefthand end of the passing siding A. The selective energization of a relay LS or SL under these conditions is accomplished by the connection of channel wire 35 through front contact 3l of relay lLC in a manner similar to that which is disclosed for the corresponding iield station No. 4, wherein this channel wire 36 is connected through front Contact 38 of relay LC to relay LS or relay SL in accordance `with whether Contact 39 of relay SWTKP is closed in its back or front position respectively.

Thus for each neld station there are two control characters used in each control cycle in connection with track circuit code operation,4 one of the characters being used in connection with track circuit code feeding from an adjoining iield station in one direction,l and the other character being .used in connectionwth track circuit code transmitted from. the adjoining field station in the other direction.

The vlast two characters of the control codeur 1l each control. cycle are selected in the usual man- Vaner. for. governing left `andright directions for :clearing signals as selected through contacts of asignal controllever, such, for example as by the nsignallever |,-2SGL for controls transmitted to .-.eld station No. 2. Thus when the signal lever ITZSGL is actuated to its right-hand position, .-ffor,4 example, the relay LS is pickedup for selecting an (LS) character for transmission as the .-seventh character of the code because of closure .of .front contact 490i relay 2LC and contact t! :of .lever I.-2S GL in its right-hand position. The y=relay VSL picked up for the following character because of its energization through front contact A21 ofv relay ZLC and contact @.3 of lever l-ZSGL ,in its Lright-hand position. It will be readily understood that if the signal lever i-ESGL is A:actuated to its left-hand position, the opposite .order ci `the last two characters of the control code isselected and if the lever i-ZSC-L is in f `itscenter,position when a control cycle is trans- .mi-ttedftherelayLS is energized for both char- -,act ers,. and thus the seventh and eighth characters transmitted are both (LS) characters. i' In a similar manner respective control cycles can be transmitted for the field stations 5 and tl, and for other field stations (not shown) that may be included in the system.

Clearing of a signal .To consider a typical mode of operation in .a clearing a signal, it will be assumed that the signal 2A is desired to be cleared for governing east- `bound traino through the block between the passing sidings A and B. It Will he further assumed that such signal is designated to be cleared (at a time when the normal conditions of the system exist as they have been described) by the actuay tion or the signal control lever i-ZSGL at the control office to its right-hand position and that ,I a control cycle is subsequently transmitted to eld station No. 2. It is therefore provided that the control cycle transmitted has the code characters (SL), (SL), (LS), and (SL) for the char- `actors Nos. 5, 6, 7, and 8 respectively according .to circuit selections that have been described, and according to the code chart of Fig. 5. With reference to Fig. 2A, the reception oi such a control cycle at eld station No. 2 is eirec- A,tive to pick up the signal control relay ZRGZ by ,-energization of circuits fully described for a. cornparable relay in the above mentioned Hailes et al. ,-patent, and the relays 2ETZ and 2WTZ are ricaintained in their dropped away positions because of the code characters Nos. 5 and 6 for their control being such as to effect the actuation of these magnetic stick relays by suitable decoding means, ...such as is shown in the Hailes et ai. patent, to their dropped away positions. These relays 2ETZ and ZWTZ are already in their dropped o away positions, however, under normal conditions, .so they are not actuated by the control cycle under consideration.

Because of the relay ERGZ being picked up, steady energy is applied to the track rails of the track section 2-3T for feeding through the bloc 0 to eld station No. 3, such steady energization f being applied by the relay 21CP which is picked up in turn subsequent to the energization of relay ZTZP in response to the picking up of relay 2-RGZ. More specically, the relay ERGZ in picking up closes a pick up circuit for the relay ZIZP extending from (-1-), including back. con- .tact 44.of. relay 2ETZ, iront contact 45 oi relay 2RGZ, front contact l5 of relay ZAS, front con- -tact il of the Hback ,contact 48 of relay TC, back contact- 49, of

OS track repeater relay. |.2TP,

relay 2TCjP, and Winding of relayg2TZP, to This relay when picked up closes a circuit for the energization of relay 2C? extending from (-1-), including back'contact' 50 of relay'TR, front contactj! of the lOS track relay i-2'1R., front contact 52 of the approach stick relay 2ASfront contactj53 of relay ZTZP, and winding ofrelay ECP, to Relay ECP. when picked-up connects the track battery 5d directly across the track rails of the track section Sia-3Tv through its front-contact 55.

The feeding of steady energy from the entrance end of the track section 2-3T for the route` to be established provides for the steady energization of the track relay STR (see Fig. 2B) which is connected across the track rails at the right- .hand end of that track section. The front -repeater relay. SFP is picked up by the closure of iront contact 5B of the track relay TR., .and the closure of front contact 51 of `relay BFP at the intermediate signal location steadily lenergises the transmitter relay QCP which is. associated with the track` section 4.5T for the application of steady energy tothe track rails of that track section. The circuit` for the Venergization of relay iCPunder these conditions extends from including back contact-58 of relay dTR, contacts 5s and Si! of the mechanism of signal sin itsstop position, back, contact 6l of yrelay AICS, ,front contact 5l of relay 3F?, back contact 172 of relay 3TCS, and winding of relay ACP, to The track battery 63 is Yconnected across the track rails at the left-hand end of the tracksection l-rl in, accordance with the closure oi front `contact B4 of relay ACP.

At field station No. 3, the track relay iTRbevcornes steadily energizedin accordance with the steady energization ofA the track rails of track section iT-5T,k and the picking up*V of this relay closes a circuit to effect the'picking of` of the transmitter control relay ETC which governs the transmission of track circuit code to the left from eld station No. Brin the track section 4`5T1 The circuitby whichv the relay ETC is energized under these conditions extendsirom including lback contact 6Fl of relay SWTZ, front contactEB or relay'TR, back contact 61 of relay i'IS, back contacti of relay ETZP, back contactSQ ofrelay y STCP, and upperwinding of relay STC, to

In accordance with the picking up of relay STC, the lshifting of its contact 1G (see Fig. 2C) initiates-V the transmission `of an indicationA cycle from iield station No. 3 by interrupting the stick circuit for a relay (not shown) corresponding to relay lCH2 of Fig.. 4 and to relay 2CH of Fig. 3A of the above mentioned Hailes etal. patent. During such indication cycle,vbecause otthe'relay 5TC being picked up to open its backrcontact 1l (corresponding to back Contact 2610i relay'ITC `of Fig. 4) an indication is communicated tothe control oice ,that is effective to energize the magneticstickfrelay SETK (see Fig. 1) with apolar- -ity to actuate-thecontacts of thatrelay to their picked up'positions.

Uponthe picking upk of relay SETK -at-thecontroloice, a'pick-up-circuit is closed for thereontrol start relay 2CH to initiate the transmission of a control cycle for eld station No. 2. The `relay 20H is energizedunder such conditions by ay circuit Vextending from including back4 Contact 1 12 Yof relay front.contactv 73 of .relay `ivndrle ci .rela-y 2CH,.andcance1.button CAN in its normal position, to When the also provides for the picking up of the relay 20H is picked 'up,'it is maintained picked jup by its stick circuit until the control cycle for transmission to i'leld station No. 2 is actually initiated by the picking up of relay 2LC in a manner which has been heretofore described when considering more specifically the transmission of controls from the control office.

As soon as the relay ZCI-I is picked up, la circuit is closed for the energization of the indication repeater relay 3ETKP which is associated with field station No. 3, such circuit including front contacts 14 and 15 of relays ZCI-I and SETK respectively. This relay BETKP, when picked up, is maintained picked up by its stick circuit including front ycontacts 16 and 1S of relays 3ETKP and 3ETK respectively so that it is maintained picked up until an indication is received at a later time which is eiective to cause the restoration of the relay 3E-TK to its dropped away posii tion. The opening of'back contact 12 of relay SETKP when that relay is picked up opens the circuit that has been described for the picking up of relay ZCH so that it is provided that the pick up circuit for relay ZCH is only momentarily closed.

Because of the relay BETKP being picked up during the transmission of the control cycle to field station No. 2, it is selected by front contact 3S of that relay that the code character No. 5 in the control cycle (see Fig, is an (LSV) character which is used for the picking upY of vrelay 2ETZ at field station No. 2 (see Fig. 2A). y

With reference to Fig. 2A, the relay ZETZ which is picked up in response to the control cycle transmitted from the control office because of the character No.5 being an (LS) character, is maintained picked up because of its magnetic stick characteristic. When this relay is picked up, the circuit that has been described by which the relay ZTZP has been energized is opened at back contact 44 and thus the relay 2TZP is dropped away, and the dropping away of that relay in turn effects the dropping away of relay ZCP by opening itscircuit at front contact 53. When the relay BCP becomes dropped away, the steady energy that has been applied at the left-hand end of the track section 2-3T is removed by the opening of front contact S5, and thus the steady energy becomes removed from the entire block between the passing sidings A and B, the dropping away of relay SFP at the intermediate signal location (see Fig. 2B) being effective to open the circuit by which the relay 4CP has been steadily energized at front contact S1, and thus provide for the removal of energy from the track section 4-ST by the opening of front contact 64 of relay 4CP. The removal of energy from the track section 4-5T causes the track relay STR at the righthand end of that track section to be dropped away, and the dropping away of that 'relay establishes a stick circuit for the relay STC and repeater relay STCP. The stick circuit for relay STC extends from including back contact 65 of relay SWTZ, back contact 66 of relay STR, front contact 11 of relay STC, and lower winding of relay STC, to The pick up circuit for relay STCP extends from including back contact 65 of relay 3WTZ, back contact 66 of relay STR, front contact 11 of relay STC, and the upper winding of relay STCP, to The code oscillators 1SCT and |80CTl at field.' station No. 3 which are used for generating the code pulses have been initiated in response to the closure of -front contact -18 of relay STC-at the beginning of l' steady-1l energization;I fbt. the

transmission of track circuit codebyfthe-relay SCP is not initiated-until the terminationv ofJthe steady energy of ytheblock and the picking up of relay STCP in a manner-which has been described. Thus in response to the picking up of relay STCP, under the assumed-conditions, the c relay SCP becomes active to transmit a track cir- Y cuit code at a 75rate from the right-hand end of the track sectionv4-ST inthe direction of the signal to ybe cleared at-eld station No. 2. The circuit by which the relay SCl?v is rendered active extends from (-1-), including back contact 19 of relay STR, front contact 89 of the OS track relay S-S'IR, front contact 8| ofthe approach stick relay-BAS for signal 6, back contact 82 of the yellow-greenrepeater relayl SYGP for signal 6, coding contact 83- of oscillator 15CT, front contact`84 of relay STC,1 front-contact 8S of relay STCP, back contact 86 ofrelay STZP,

and winding of relay SCP to 4FP which is maintained steadily pickedV upas long as the relay 4TR is active because of its slow drop away characteristics.

With relay 4FP picked up, and thetrack repeater relay 3-4'IP active, the pulsing of the contact 98 of relay 3-4TP energizes the primary winding 89 of theidecoding transformer 99 rst in one direction and then the other according to the usual practice in decoding circuits through a circuit including front contact 9| of relay 4FP, back contact 92 of relay 3FP, and contact 88 of relay 3-4TP. The induced voltage in the sec'- ondary winding 93 of the decoding transformer 99 is commutated by the `contact 94 of relay 3-4TP so as to provide for the direction current energization of the relayl 3-4I-I. Although there is a voltage induced in the secondary winding 9S of the decoding transformer 90 which is connected through the decoding unit |80DU to the relay 3-4D, because ofthe energization being at a '15 rate, the relay 3-4D remains in its dropped away position.

With the relay 3-4H picked up, the signal selector relay 4TCS is picked up in accordance with the energization of the front repeater relay 4FP as a means for selecting the energization of the mechanism of signal 4 as well as the energization of the lamp of vthat signal. The mechanism of signal 4 is energized with negative polarity for actuation of the mechanism to its caution indication position by a circuit extending from (-1-), including front contact 96 of relay 3-4I-I, back contact 91 of relayr 3TCS, front contact 98 of relays 4TCS, back contact 99 of relay 3-4D`,"winding of lsignal 4, and back contact |00 of relay 3-4D, to (-4-).

The actuation of the mechanism of signal 4to its caution indicating position renders the yellow-green repeater relay4YGP for signal 4 energized during the off periods of the track circuit code received at the left-hand endrof Athe track section 4-5T, the slowl drop away characteristics of the relay 4YGP being such as to maintain that relay steadily pickedup as long as the code is received. The circuit for the energization ofthe relay` 4YGPincludes back contact 58 17 for removing the steady energy. The comparable circuit of relay ITC' extends from including back contact |44 of relay 2WTZ, front Contact |45 of track relay I'I'R, back contact |46 of relay IBS, back contact |41 of relay ITZP, back contact |48 of relay ITCP, and upper winding of relay ITC, to The relay I TC' is provided with a stick circuit, and this relay governs the picking up of the relay ITCP in a manner corresponding to that which has been specically described for similar relays STC and TG1? (see Fig. 2C) at the right-hand end of the track section 4 5T.

Thus the oce equipment, after having received an indication that the steady energy has been received at the right-hand end of the track section 6- 1T whereby the relay IETK (see Fig. 1) is picked upy initiates a control cycle for transmission to eld station No. 3 for causing the removal of the steady energy. The initiation of this control cycle is accomplished because of the energization of the relay 3CH by a circuit extending from including back contact |49 of relay 4ETKP, front contact |50 of relay 4ETK, Winding of relay SCH, and the normally closed contact of the cancel button CAN, to Thus it will be seen that the initiation of the control cycle in response to an indication being received from field station No. 3 that steady energy has been received at that station is accomplished in a manner comparable'to that which has been specically described for the automatic initiation of a control cycle for transmission to field station No. 2.

The control cycle transmitted for the termination of the steady energization of the track section 6 -1T comprises (LS) and (SL) characters as Nos. 5 and 6 characters respective of the con- Y trol code so as to eifect the picking up of the magnetic stick relay SETZ (see Fig. 2C) at field station No. 3.

This relay BETZ when picked up opens the circuit for the relay STZP at back contact I3|, and the dropping away of relay 6TZP in turn opens the circuit for the relay BCP at front contact I 4| to cause the dropping away of that relay, and the removal of the condition of steady energization from the track section B 'IT by the opening of front contact |42. When energy'is removed from a track section 6-1T, a relay (not shown) that is comparable to the relay ITCP of Fig. 2A is picked up, and the picking up of that relay is effective to initiate code transmission at the right-hand end of track section 6-1T. This comparable circuit for relay I TCP extends from (-1-), including back contact |44 of relay 2WTZ, back contact |45 of relay ITR, front contact I5| of relay ITC, and winding of relay ITCP, to The initiation of coding is effective by rendering a relay 10P (not shown) active by a circuit comparable tothe circuit for relay ICP which extends from (-1-) including back contact |52 of relay ITR, front contact |53 of relay IAS, front contact |54 of relay I-ZTR, contact |55 of the code oscillator CT, back contact |56 of relay ZYGP, front contact |51 of relay ITC, front contact |58 of relay ITCP, back contact |59 of relay ITZP, and winding of relay ICP, to

. With reference to Fig. 2C, the reception of the 75 code at the left-hand end of track section 6- 1T causes the pulsing of the contacts of the track relay GTR, and thus, because of the relay SETZ being picked up at this time, the track repeater relay STP becomes active because of front contact |66 of relay 3ETZ being closed. The

18 pulsing of the contacts 6| and provides for `the energization of its associated decoding transformer |63.

|62 of that relay,

obvious circuit extending through a front contact |65 of relay 3ETZ whereby the block stick relay 6BS is picked up. When this relay is picked up,

- play a caution indication, the control circuit for the signal 6A being comparable to the `control` circuit for the signal IA as illustrated in Fig. 3 for the opposite direction of traic. This comparable circuit can be traced from (-1-) including back contact I2| of relay LR, front contact .|22

y pole changes the signal of the OS track relay I ZTR, back contact |23 of relay 2BS, front contact |61 of relay ZLG'Z,l

front contact |68 of relay ZAS, back contact V|69 of relay ZRCR, front contact |10 of relay ZNCR, front contact of relay IBS, front contact |12 of relay IH, back Contact |13 of relay 2D, winding of signal IA, and back contact |14A of relay I ZD, to signal 6A can be actuated to its caution indicating position, and as the route is further extended through rthe portion of the track layout extending beyond the passing siding B, the code rate in the' track section 6 1T can be built up to a 180 rate to permit the aspect of signal 6A to be changed from yellow to green. Y

The clearing of signal 6 under these conditions' causes the picking up of the associated signal repeater relay (not shown) that is comparable to the relay IYGP which is shown in Fig. 3 as having a circuit whereby it is energized when signal IA is actuated to its clear or caution indicating positions. The circuit by which the relay IYGP is energized when signal IA is clear extends from including contacts |15 and |16 of signal |B which are closed when that signal is at stop,- and contact |11 of signal IA which is actuated to its left-hand position when the signal IA is cleared, and the winding of relay IYGP, to It is to be understood that the relay EYGP, shown only in block form in Fig. 2C, is similarly controlled, and thus this relay becomes picked up when the signal 6A is actuated to either its clear or caution indicating position. Thus, the picking up of relay 6YGP is effective to select the Contact |18 of the oscillator vISIICT, rather than the contact 33 of the oscillator 15CT, for governing the pulsing of the code transmitter relay ECP so as to change the code rate of the code transmitted yin the track section lll-'T from the right-hand end thereof from a 75 to a 180 rate. In accordance with the increase in the code rate in the track section 1I-5T, the relay 3-4D at the intermediate signal location (see Fig. 2B) becomes picked up because of its energization through its associated decoding unit |DU and through the decoding transformer 90. The shifting of contacts S9 and |06 of the relay 3-4D 4 so as to energize the mechanism of that signal with a polarity to change the signal aspect from yellow to green. The control of the signals as has been described has been on the assumption that an eastbound train is to make a movement straight through on the main track, and it is only under relay 6H through The" closure of front contact 64 of relay 6H closes an' Thus in this manner the thesezconditions. that. the :direction: offcoding in the-.track .sectionczi-i-T Which-isl withinv the..sid ing limits is established. :Infotherwordsithe eastbound train is to enter. the siding B, the. signal 6B=is selected for energization becausepf the tracksWitohBW' being called for.y to be operated to; its reverse position', anda-therefore there is no codingzinitiated inthe track section --l-T becausait-:may be desirable: for code operationto beisets-up through that-tracksection for Westbound traiiic, it there is toibo av meeting ci trains at the siding B.

.'More specifically, if-.the trackswitchWis called. for; during acontrolcycle transmitted for the. clearing of a signal governing eastbound trafficat eld station' No. 3, the relay lSWZ is knocked down -loyithe code received, and thus the signal control. relay.3RGZ when picked uprcannot effect the picking. up of .the relay GTZP vand theinit-iation 'ofv steady energization; inzthe' track section B--Tbecausegof the' circuit. for' relay-BTZP :being held `open at front contactf l32roil theswitclr control relay SWZ.

.IAlthough the circuitisinotfshownforithe spec-iiicfcontrol OtthesignalTfGB, it is .totbeaunderstood that this signal is' controlled in. .a manner comparable to thatsshown in Fig. :3:for the corresponding sign'al j-B for the.oppositeidirectionof tra-inc. 'It is thusillustrated:infFig.;r3 that the signal, IB isactuated 1 to its :caution'zfindicating position when .the .trackiswitch-i2W5has completed itsy .operation to its.Y reversezpositiomiif. it .is assumed that .the;relay.2LGZjpis. picked :up from the-:control cnice to designate. the :clearing :of 'ia signal for Westbound trafc. The :circuit .by which the signallB ,would ffluefenergized under such conditions extends from ,.-includinghack contacty i2 lof the lock relay. LR,:front:contact |22 ofv relay l-2TR, back contact'A W310i relay `EBS, front contact itl Oirelay 2LGZ, frontzcontact l68.1of-relay-2AS, back contact? |10 ofrela-yNC-R, frontgcontact IEB of relay QRCR, windingtof signal IB and back contact i141 o-i relay l--:2D` to (-4. It will be notedlt-hati` the normal-'correspondence `relay NCR. 'f-.would beadro-pped away undertheseiconditions when the 4.opposite position of the track `switch-2W would be-calledffor; and the completion ofthe operation ofi the switch to its-reverseposition would app-ly reverse polarity tothe Wires .f 26 and 2l-.toj pick up' the. reverse `repeater .relay .-ZRWP. This i relay ZRWP lis straight reverse repeater relay, :softheref is: aA separate reverse `correspondence 'relayf ZRGR Which iszenergizedV through hack "contact- H9 ,oi relay ZWZ and: front contactf i813. oirelay ZRWP.

Passage ft-rains -To consider. .the`r mode. of V.operation ofy the Zsystem upon passage. of `ytrains, it- Vwill he assumed that an. eastbound train is in approach of signal ZAafter that .signal has. been cleared insa manner which has-been -descrbedrand aftera through route,y has been lined up. .on .thef main,l track.- for thattrain with thetrackswitches 2W Aand 3W actuated to their. normal. positions. Under these conditions, it .will be assumed thatcontrolswill have.y been. communicated from the yoilice for the clearing of. .signals at both, eld: stations. Nos... 2 .and sothat the signal/2AA sclear and so' that the-signal 6A is either at clear .-orcaution, inaccordance with Whether or 'not the signal :not shown) for'A governing eastboundA traffic at' the rightfhandendof the passing` sidingfB is atfclear or- .caution so. as l to permit the transmission of a 180 code in the track rails of the track section .20 6-1T'seepEig. 2C). .-It is to beunderstood that the track; circuit code has been set up in the track section iT for the approach of a .trainin a manner corresponding tothatk which hasv beenspeciiically described forthe setting up ofcode in track section E-lT.

When the' train accepts the signal 2A andentersthe OS track.section.i-2T,the dropping awayprthetrack relay l-ZTRis rendered efiectivegandfthe dropping. awayof this relay in turn is effective to both` restore the signall 2A. to stop and to restore the office control signal control relay .2RGZ. The signal 2Avis restored to stop because of the opening of i-tscircuit at front contact-l22 (see Fig. 3) .of relay I-2TR, and therelay ZRGZ is. dropped awayby the opening of its stick circuit. The .stick circuit by which the relay 2RGZ is-.maintainedipicked upV at' this timeextends from (fl-),.including hack contact 225` of relay 2B, front-contact 226 o relay I-2TR, front contact221 of relay..2RGZ,and upper Winding of relay-2R62, to Because of the track repeater relay I-ZTP beingslow in dropping away and being. energized through front contact 228.1-of relay.|-.2TR.When thetrain enters the track section. I-ZTR .the frontv contact 226. is openedA prior to the .closure 4of .back contactv 2 29.01 relay. l--ZTP so that .the relay..2RGZ is slotted oii `as the train accepts thesignal 2A .andenters the. track section l-.2.T. Therelay ZRGZ when dropped. awayalso v.opens the signal control circuit at front contactli'd topreventthe signal from being cleared again until another .signal clearingV control. is transmitted. from the. control oincetor picking up that. relay.

.As the eastbound train progresses further ralong thetrackvvay. soas .toenter the track section 2.3T, the. shunting .of the track railsof that track. section renders the 4.track-.relay .2TR Ainactive, and thus provides for the dropping. away of the. homeand .distant relays 2H and I'2D.

AS the train proceeds further along the route, it..accepts vthe signal 4, which may be assumed to. be clear becauseof the reception of a code transmitted throughthe track rails of the track SectiOn--ST. When the track sectiond-ET becomesl shunted, the home and distant relays t-lH andt-AD respectivelyare dropped away, and the mechanismof -signal 4 is actuated to its stop position because of .the opening of front contact Q6. of relay 3-'4II. The relay d'I'CS, however, is maintained picked up by its stick circuit which extends from. (V+), including back. contact itl of. relay STCS, 'front contact l82 of relay 4TCS,.ba`ck contact H33 of relay 3-41-1, and winding of relay ATCS, to The relay ATOS is sufficiently slow in droppingaway to bemaintained picked upduring the shifting .of the contact. 183 vof relay 3-4H to-shift from itspick-up to its stick circuit. Thereforethe relay ATCS maintains the lamp oi signal 4 energized through its front contact 184 so as to cause .signal 4 to display. a red aspect in accordance with the occupancy of the track section 4-5T.

As the .train prcgressesiurther sc as to leave the track section 2-3T unoccupied, the transmission of code-through the track section 2-13'1 is again eiective to pick upthe relay 2H (see Fig. 2A) at field station No..2,so as to condition the signal 2A sothat it canbe. actuated to its caution indication. position in case a control is communicated fromithe control oice for setting up a routefor a following train. The relay` I-ZD is not picked up at this tixnebecause the code rate that is transmitted under the assumed conditions is a 75 rate on account of the track section 4 5'1 being occupied. More specically, with reference to Fig. 2B, because of the signal 4 being at stop, the signal repeater relay AYGP is necessarily dropped away by the opening of its circuit at the contacts e and 60 oi the signal mechanism, and the dropping away of this relay is effective by the shifting of contact |08 to select the contact |85 of the oscillator 'ISCT as being effective to govern the pulsing of the code transmitter relay 3GP, rather than the contact H35 of the oscillator I GCT.

Assuming further progress of the eastbound train, when the train accepts the signal 6A (see Fig. 2C) and enters the detector track section 5-6T the signal 6A is put to stop because of the droppingv away of the track relay E-GTR. The restoration of signal 6A to stop causes the dropping away of its repeater relay EYGP, and the dropping away of that relay is eective by shifting its contact 52 to cause the'relay ECP to be pulsed at a 75 rate rather than a 180 rate by the vselection of the contact 63 of the oscillator 'ISCT as being included in the circuit for relay ECP, rather than the contact H8 of the oscillator IBGCT.

The entrance of the eastbound train into the track section 6-1T is effective .to render the track relay ETR inactive, and thus the relay BTP becomes inactive and the relay 6H becomes dropped away, together with the relay 5--6D (if it is assumed that a route has been established sufciently in advance to have provided for the transmission of a 180 code through the track rails of the track section -lT).

When the track section 4 5T becomes unoccupied in the rear of the train, the '75 code which is applied across the track rails of that track section is effective to pick up the relay 2-4H (see Fig. 2B) at the intermediate signal location in a manner corresponding to that which has been described when considering the setting up of a route initially. Thus, at the intermediate location, the signal il is actuated to its caution indicating position because of the relay 4TCS associated with the signal l having been maintained picked up by its stick circuit through its front contact |82. It will be noted that this relay BTCS is maintained picked up by its stick circuit until the shutting down of the system is rendered effective in a manner to be hereinafter described. By the actuation of the signal 4 to its caution indicating position, the signal repeater relay 4YGP is picked up, and the shifting of the contact 1&6 of that relay, renders the code transmitter relay SCP active at a 180 rate rather than a 75 rate so as to condition the signals at the eld station No. 2, for clearance if it is desired to set up a route for a following train.

Similarly the signal 6A (see Fig-2C) is` condi-A tioned in the rear of the eastbound train so that it can indicate caution for a following train when the track section 6-1Tbecomes unoccupied in the rear of the iirst train, and as the first train proceeds further through the section of the track layout which is not shown, the code rate ris permitted to be built up to a 180 rate in thetrack section 6-1'1' if proper signal controls are communicated from the control oirice for the establishment of a route for a following train.

If there is to be a melting or" trains at the siding B, for example, it may be assumed that the signal 6B is actuated to its caution indicating position in a manner that has been heretofore described when considering the mode of operation in the 22 f clearing `of signalsso rthat an eastbound train is routxd into the ypassing siding vB. It will be note that the control of the signal 6B under these Vconditions does not'initiate coding in the track section 6-'IT, and thus the westbound train that is approaching for the meet at the passing siding B willl 'be governed by an entering signal (not shown) at the right-hand end of the passing siding B (corresponding to the signal IAV at fieldystation No. 2), the mode of operation in the clearing of such signal being accomplished in a manner corresponding to that which has been specifically described for the clearing of the opposing signal 6A at the left-hand end of the passing siding B. It will thus be seen that there is no conliict in the control ofthe direction of code transmission in the track section'S-'IT because the actuation ofthe track switch at either end of the siding to its reverse position is effective vto select that the setting up of that route does not establish coding in the stretch of track within the limits of the siding, and thus permits the coding to beset up for theopposing train that is remaining on the'main track.

Having thus considered various typical conditions oi train operation which may be encountered in practice with more speciiic preference being given to the progress of eastbound trains, it is to be understood that the system is symmetrical in its circuit organization for both directions of tralic, so that similar modes of operation are accomplished for opposite directions of trai'lic to those that havebeen considered, and it is also believed that it should be readily apparent from the typical conditions that have been considered as to the manner'in which signals can be clearedv for governing back up and switching movements,

and other traic conditions which may be en- A countered in practice.

-Shut down or track circuit coding Under the conditions that have been considered duringY passage of a train, some of which are illustrated diagrammatically in Figs. 6C, 6D, and 6E, it will be noted that there is no energy applied to the track rails inthe rear of a train feeding in the direction of traiiic for shut down purposes while the train is occupying a portion of the trackway in'which shut down is to be considered, as this energy is applied tothe stretch of track between the passing sides A and B, for example, only after jsuch stretch becomes unoccupied in the rear of a train so as to permit the'irst track section for the established direction of traic to have aV ISU code established as a means for indieating that the yblock 'between the passing sidings is unoccupied and thatfthe shutting down of the respective code transmitters can then be initiated. Thus if it isassumedthat the block between thepa'ssing sidings'A'and-B has become unoccupied in the rear of an east-bound train as is indicated inthe diagram of Fig. 6E, and that the operator at' the control cnice has previously restored his signal control lever i-ZSGL to its normal center position, a sequence of operations is initiated inresponse tor-the block becoming' unoccupiedl for the shuttingy down of the code transmitters comprising successively, the transmission of steady energy through the track rails from the entrance end of the block, the reception of such steady energy at the right-hand end of the block, the transmission of an indication cycle from the right-hand end of the block to the control oificeindicating that the steady energy has been received, the transmission from 23y the control. office. .of alcontrolto. remove ,the condition: of steady energizationefromk the ,entering end of thefblockVandthe subsequentrestoration of the Ltrack circuit apparatus Within the block `to its normally deenergized and Ynormally inactive condition.

To consider they speciiicorganization for providingthis mode of operation, the reception of the 180vrate code at.the left-hand end of the track section 23T causes the. relay |-2D (see Fig. 2A) 'to .again-bepicked up,.and the picking up` of thisrelay, withthe ofcecontrolled relay 3RGZ-finrits-dropped .away position, is eiective topick up the relay TZR which then in turn picks up the relay2CP ,to apply steady energy tothe track'rails of the tracksection 2-3T upon the: closureofiront contact 55. The circuit by which-thesrelay .2TZP isV picked up .under these conditions extends-:from C+), including iront contactwds-of--relay 2ETZ, front contact i3d or" relay |--2D, back contact t5 of relay QRGZ, front contact 4610i relay 12AS, front contact lll of relay |-.2TP, back contact i8 of relay 2TC, back contact 49 of relay- 2TCP, and winding of relay- ZTZP, Ato The pickirrT up of this relay closes a stick circuit at front contact is? to shuntthefront contact |85 of relay l-ZD out of the circuitjust described .soy as to maintain the relay-ZTZP `steadily picked up after the steady energy 1s-applied, and thus. after the relay |2D is dropped-away because of the coding being rendered ineffective.

The `circuit by which therelay `2CP is picked up under these conditionsextends from (-1-), including .back contact G of relay ZTR, front contact y5i .of relay |-2TR, front contact 52 of relay vEAS, front contact 53 of relay ZTZP, and winding ofy relaylCP, to It will be noted that this circuit includes a .back contact, 5i) of the track relay ZTR, and thus the relay 2C? must be picke'dup during an "o-F period or the code which is being received at-the letthand end-of the track section` 2-3T. The picking up-"or" vrelay.-2CP during this off period is effective to render the code transmitter at the right-hand end o ythe track section .fl- 3T inactive by similar means kin that the Ypicking up of the track relay. STR (see Fig. 2B) at the righthand endof the track section 2-3T is effective toopen the' circuit for thev code transmitter relay 30? at'its backcontact Sii and in this manner'render thelcode transmitter relay BCP inactive for the transmission of code pulses in the trackisectionl-ST Because of the relay STR being'v steadily picked up,the relay EFP is picked up, and the picking up of that relay is elective to cause the restoration of relay 4TCSto-its deenergized position by thek opening of the circuit for that relay at back contact |88. The relay 3-4H is picked up at this tima-so that the stick circuit for relay ATCS is open at back contact |83. The relay TCS must be dropped away before-steady energy can be applied to the track section 4-5T. Thus t'iay 3-4H is maintained picked up by track circuit code until the relay 4TCS is dropped away. Upon the dropping away of the relay 4TCS, the signal ai isput to stop by the opening of thecircuit for its mechanism at front ccntact S3, and also the opening of iront contact |84 of relay -4TCS- deenergizes the lamp of signal 4.

After the mechanism of signal li has been restored. toits stop position, with the relay SFP picked up, the. relay IlCP becomes steadily energ-ized during Vthe next'fof per iod of the code thatis. received attthe left-hand'tendv of the track section '1S-55T. 'The circuit by which the relay CP is steadily energized under these conditions extends from including back contact 58 of relay LBTR, contacts 5S and B of the mechanism of signal 'Li'in its stopped position, back contact 6| o'i relay flTCS, front contact 51 of relay SFP, back contact "E of relay 3TCS, and winding of relay lCP, to Thus steady energization is applied across the track rails of the track section fil- 5T at the intermediate signal location by the closure of front contact` 64.

The reception of such steady energization Vat the right-hand endof the track section immediately renders the code transmitter relay ECP (see Fig. 2C) inactive by the opening of its circuit at back contact '19. The shifting of contact S6 of the track relay 5TH, opens the stick circuit for relay STC and thus causes the relay EICtobe dropped away, its pick up circuit being'held vopen at back contact 69 of the relay 5TCP which is picked up at this time. The relay TCP ismaintained energized during the timel when the relay TR is picked up by its stick circuit Which extends vfrom (-5-), including back contact `6% of relay SWTZ, front contacts? of relay 5TH., back contact t1 of relay 5BS,'back contact |58 of relay ETZP, front contact S9 of relay 5TCP,and lower Winding of relay 5TG1), to Thua'the relay ETC is dropped away in response to the steady energization of the track relay ETR, andthe relay ETC? is maintained steadily energized throughout the period of steadyV energizationlto hold the pick up circuit for the relay ETC open.

Relay ETC when dropped Vaway is effective by the shifting of its contact lil to initiate the code communication system for rthe transmission of an indication cycle from iield station No. 3 in which an indication is transmitted in accordance `with the closure of'back contact 1| oi' relay ETC that the steady energy has been received so that the reception of such indication at the control `oice can `be'eflective to automatically cause the transmission of a control to iield station No. 2 for .removing the condition of steady energization.

With referenceto Fig. l, the reception of the indication at the oice that the steady energy has been received at the right-hand end of the block'causes the relay SETK to be actuated to its dropped away position, which in turn is `effective to momentarilyenergize the pick up circuit for the relay ECH as a means for initiating the transmission of a control to iield station No. 2. The circuit for relay ECH underthese conditions extends from including front contact 'i2 of relay 3ETKF,back contact i3 of re lay SETK, winding of relay 2CH, and cancel button CAN inits normal position, to The stick circuit which is closed .at back contact 3| of relay ELC maintains the relay ECH picked up until'the communication system is available for the transmission of the control cycle for the station No. 2.

The relay ETK in being dropped away under these conditions opens the stick circuit for the relay SETKPat front contact "i5 to cause that relay to be dropped away and thus open the pick up circuit at Vfront contact 'i2 that is only momentarily established for the relay 2GB'. The relay 3ETKP is also eiective by the closure of itsback contact `35 to select the code character (SL) for transmission during the control cycle 

